Meaning and Usage
"刻苦" describes a person who works very hard and endures hardships without complaint. It often refers to diligent study or persistent effort in work or life.
Common Collocations
Usage Notes
"刻苦" emphasizes both the intensity and persistence of effort, often implying overcoming difficulties. It is usually used to praise someone's attitude toward work or study. Avoid confusing it with simply "努力" which means effort but may lack the nuance of enduring hardship.
Register and Tone
The term is formal and positive, suitable for academic or professional contexts.