自主

zì zhǔ

independent

HSK 6

한자 분해

Meaning and Usage

"自主" means to act or decide by oneself without external control. It often describes personal independence or autonomy in learning, work, or national development.

Common Contexts

  • Education: "自主学习" (independent study) emphasizes self-motivated learning.
  • Politics/Economy: "自主发展" refers to self-directed growth without reliance on others.
  • Personal traits: "自主" highlights a person's initiative and self-management.

Collocations

  • 自主学习: independent learning, used in educational contexts.
  • 自主: autonomy or the right to decide independently, often in political or organizational contexts.
  • 自主创新: independent innovation, common in business or technology.

Usage Notes

"自主" implies a positive quality of self-direction and responsibility. It differs from "独立" which can mean independence in a broader or more formal sense, such as political independence. "自主" focuses more on the internal will and initiative.

Avoid confusing "自主" with "自愿" (voluntary), which emphasizes willingness rather than control or decision-making.

예문

学生应该培养自主学习的能力。

Xuéshēng yīnggāi péiyǎng zìzhǔ xuéxí de nénglì.

Students should develop the ability to study independently.

这个国家实现了经济的自主发展。

Zhège guójiā shíxiànle jīngjì de zìzhǔ fāzhǎn.

This country has achieved independent economic development.

她在工作中表现出很强的自主性。

Tā zài gōngzuò zhōng biǎoxiàn chū hěn qiáng de zìzhǔ xìng.

She shows strong independence in her work.